RESUMEN
Introducción: La información sobre carne de pollo disponible en la tabla de composición nutricional local pertenece aproximadamente a la década de 1950, y está limitada a pocos cortes. Es necesario contar con datos actualizados de composición nutricional de pollos en Argentina. Objetivo: Determinar la composición nutricional de pechuga y pata-muslo de pollos de Argentina. Materiales y método: Estudio descriptivo de 27 unidades muestrales provenientes de 10 frigoríficos de Argentina. Se obtuvieron muestras de pata-muslo y pechuga, con y sin piel, para determinar: contenido de agua, proteínas, grasa total, ceniza y energía, y en las muestras sin piel: potasio, sodio, fósforo, hierro y perfil de ácidos grasos. Se aplicaron metodologías AOAC y FSIS SDM2 FSIS MTL-1. Resultados: En pechuga y pata muslo sin piel se obtuvo: 107(DE 4) y 127 (DE 8) kcal; 23,7 (DE 1,0) y 19,9 (DE 1,0) g de proteínas;1,4 (DE 0,3) y 5,3 (DE 0,7) g de grasa: grasas saturadas 375(DE 23,3) y 1367 (DE 71,8) mg, monoinsaturadas 418 (DE 45,9)y 1829 (DE 110,0) mg, poliinsaturadas 432 (DE 35,4) y 1657 (DE151,4) mg, trans 27 (DE 6,1) y 54 (DE 36,3) mg; sodio 47 (DE 4)y 74 (DE 5) mg; potasio 355 (DE 21) y 307 (DE 18) mg; fósforo235 (DE 11) y 195 (DE 10) mg; hierro 0,31 (DE 0,03) y 0.60 (DE0.05) mg respectivamente, cada 100 g de parte comestible. En pechuga y pata muslo con piel se obtuvo: 161 (DE 14) y 200 (DE20) kcal; 20,2 (DE 1,1) y 17,0 (DE 0,8) g de proteínas; 8,9 (DE 1,5)y 14,7 (DE 2,2) g de grasas totales respectivamente, cada 100 g de parte comestible. Conclusión: La carne de pollo argentina es fuente de proteínas, baja en lípidos totales, con predominio de ácidos grasos insaturados. Aporta el 11% de la Ingesta Adecuada de potasio, el 46% de la Recomendación Dietética Admitida de fósforo, el 9 y 4% de la de hierro para el hombre y la mujer, y sólo el 5% de la ingesta diaria máxima de sodio.
Introduction: Nutritional composition data of chicken meatavailable in local charts, dates back to 1950 and is limited to afew cuts. It is essential to have nutritional composition data ofchicken meat in Argentina updated. Objectives: To specify nutritional composition of chickenmeat -breast and leg- in Argentina.Materials and method: A descriptive study of 27 sampleunits coming from 10 cold stores in Argentina. Leg and breastsamples were obtained, with and without skin, to determine:water content, proteins, total fat, ash and energy and in theskinless samples: potassium, sodium, phosphorous, iron andfatty acids profile. AOAC and FSIS SDM2 FSIS MTL-1 methodologieswere used.Results: Results obtained out of breast and leg without skin(every 100 g of edible portion): 107 (SD 4) and 127 (SD 8) kcal,23.7 (SD 1.0) and 19.9 (SD 1.0) g of proteins, 1.4 (SD 0.3) and 5.3(SD 0.7) g of fat, saturated fats 375 (SD 23.3) and 1367 (DS 71.8)mg, monounsaturated 418 (SD 45,9) and 1829 (SD 110,0) mg, polyunsaturated 432 (SD 35.4) and 1657 (SD 151,4) mg, trans27 (SD 6.1) and 54 (SD 36.3) mg, sodium 47 (SD 4) and 74 (SD5) mg, potassium 355 (SD 21) and 307 (SD 18) mg, phosphorous235 (SD 11) and 195 (SD 10) mg, iron 0.31 and 0.60 mg,respectively. Out of breast and leg with skin (every 100 g ofedible portion): 161 (SD 14), and 200 (SD 20) kcal, 20.2 (SD 1.1)and 17.0 (SD 0.8) g of proteins, 8.9 (SD 1.5) and 14.7 (SD 2.2) gof total fats, respectively.Conclusion: Argentinean chicken meat is a source of protein,low in total lipids, with a predominance of unsaturated fattyacids. It provides 11% of the Adequate Intake for potassium, 46% of the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for phosphorous,9 and 4% of the RDA for iron in men and women, respectivelyand just 5% of the maximum daily intake of sodium.
Asunto(s)
Animales , Argentina , Pollos , Ácidos Grasos , Composición de Alimentos , Minerales , ProteínasRESUMEN
Maize presents a substantial contamination by fumonisins (FB) throughout the world. In particular, Argentina presents a high frequency of positive samples and levels of up to 10,000 µg/kg of total FB, depending on the harvest campaign studied. Corn puff, an extruded product of high consumption among children and adolescent populations, was analyzed with the aim of determining the presence and levels of fumonisins B1, B2 and B3. In the present study, 20 samples of different brands were collected from commercial stores. Two solvent systems, two types of agitation, and the number of extractions were tested in order to find the most suitable method to establish the level of fumonisins in corn puff. Extracts were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection. A C18 column and precolumn derivatization with orthophtalaldialdehyde were utilized. The average of fumonisins found in 20 samples was 257.5 µg/kg (n = 19), 70.4 µg/kg (n = 14) and 73.3 µg/kg (n = 6) for FB1, FB2 and FB3, on positive samples, respectively. These are the first analyses in Argentina of this type of product, highlighting the need to continue the studies in the processing industries because, despite the extrusion process that the raw material suffers, a sample was found with a contamination of 1,649 µg/kg total fumonisins.
